科研团队中知识粘滞的影响因素研究     

李纲  巴志超 《中国图书馆学报》2017,43(1):89-106

知识粘滞是阻碍知识转移的决定性因素,降低知识粘滞程度,提高知识转移绩效,是提升科研团队能力,实现合作创新的关键。本研究通过探索科研过程中知识粘滞形成的动因和作用因素,运用知识转移理论、系统动力学理论的分析方法,在情境建模基础上,构建基于知识转移的知识粘滞演化动力模型;动态模拟认知因素、转移情境以及转移动机三个维度对知识粘滞的影响关系,从宏观方面探索科研团队中隐性知识粘滞的演化路径,从微观方面剖析各因素对知识粘滞的影响机理。实验结果显示:知识粘滞程度受不同因素影响呈现不同的演化特征,随着双方认知吻合度的增长表现为先匀速增长后保持不变、最后呈指数增长的趋势;激励机制和外部压力等因素对知识粘滞的影响呈现阶段性特点,过大会引起团队内部“搭便车”现象,产生一定的致弱作用;转移动机与知识粘滞之间具有较强的负相关关系,知识吸收能力越强,知识的增长速度越快,受知识粘滞的影响就越小。研究科研团队中各影响因素对知识粘滞的震荡作用,对指导科研团队建设和提高科研能力具有重要的现实意义。图6。表1。参考文献32。  相似文献   

Audience Currencies in the Age of Big Data     

Jacob L. Nelson  James G. Webster 《媒体管理杂志》2016,18(1):9-24

ABSTRACT

Audience ratings data have long occupied the attention of marketers and media managers. These are the “currencies” that support the operation of commercial media. Today, metrics can be derived from many large datasets, raising the possibility that new kinds of currencies might emerge. We argue that data on exposure are the most likely to support currencies, and that these might well go beyond traditional measures of audience size and composition. We explore the relationship between the most plausible contenders for audience currencies: size and engagement as measured by time spent. Contrary to the “Law of Double Jeopardy,” we find these metrics to be uncorrelated in an online environment, suggesting that each might have a role to play as a currency. We conclude with a discussion of how the political economy of audience measurement is likely to affect audience currencies in the age of big data.  相似文献   

论溢价机制与消费者福利   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

把多勋  杨眉 《西北师大学报》2004,41(2):126-128

均衡价格一质量模型为建立信誉企业的溢价机制提供了基本的理论框架。但其赖以建立的信誉形成理论是以最简单的信誉调节模式为立论基础,在实际应用中尚有疏漏。本文以此为依据,补充了两种信誉调节的情形,并由此部分修正了受其影响的均衡p(q)模型,从理论上说明了信息技术改善及最低质量标准改变时的消费者福利状况。  相似文献   

科研合作网络的知识扩散机理研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

巴志超  李纲  朱世伟 《中国图书馆学报》2016,42(5):68-84

知识扩散是知识生产过程中的核心环节,对知识继承和知识创新具有重要作用。本文结合知识在科研合作网络中的流动特征,引入复杂网络理论,构建知识扩散模型,模拟知识在科研合作网络中的扩散过程。考虑不同个体的知识自我增长以及知识吸收能力,采用网络平均知识水平、知识扩散速率、知识均衡程度等作为衡量知识扩散效果的评价指标,探究不同合作网络结构、知识遗传继承和知识变异重组与知识扩散的动态关系。研究显示:知识在合作网络中的知识水平、扩散速率、分布均衡程度很大程度上取决于网络拓扑结构的动态变化,网络的随机化程度越大,知识扩散的速度越快,知识的分布越均匀;合作网络的规模越小,专家高知识溢出效应越显著,越能促进知识的有效扩散;知识继承吸收和知识自我创新对知识扩散的影响在某一时刻可达到最佳均衡状态。研究合作网络中各影响因素对知识扩散的震荡作用,有利于形成更稳健的合作模式,发挥科研合作的最大效能。图9。表1。参考文献22。  相似文献   

Full Steam Ahead: A Conceptual Analysis of User-Supplied Tags on Steam     

Travis W. Windleharth  Jacob Jett  Marc Schmalz  Jin Ha Lee 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2016,54(7):418-441

This article describes a conceptual analysis of user-generated tags applied to video games in the Steam video game distribution system. The research team scraped all user-generated tags available on Steam and then conducted a conceptual analysis of the tags, sorting them into categories and comparing them to the current version of the Video Game Metadata Schema. This analysis allowed the team to identify new metadata elements and terms useful to game players. We present a discussion covering the major issues in organizing the terms, as well as the implications for the future work in the area of video game metadata.  相似文献   

The Relationship Between State Policy Levers and Student Mobility     

Jacob P. K. Gross  Matthew S. Berry 《Research in higher education》2016,57(1):1-27

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20世纪50年代毛泽东的农业现代化思想概述     

巴志鹏 《临沂师范学院学报》2008,30(2):36-39

20世纪50年代,毛泽东强调农业是国民经济的基础,认为中国应走工农业并拳的工业化道路,重视调动广大农民积极性和科学技术在农业生产中的应用,坚信通过合作化走向社会主义是中国农业的惟一道路,并想通过发动“大跃进”和农村人民公社化运动来探索中国农业现代化的路子：在这一时期的探索中。毛泽东规划了中国农业现代化的目标和方向,提出了实现农业现代化的具体步骤、途径,其中一些思想闪烁着真理的光芒,但这一时期毛泽东关于农业现代化的探索留给我们的,不但有宝贵的历史经验,而且有深刻的历史教训。  相似文献   

The validity of the commercially-available,low-cost,wrist-worn Movband accelerometer during treadmill exercise and free-living physical activity     

Jacob E. Barkley  Ellen Glickman  Curtis Fennell  Mallory Kobak  Megan Frank  Gregory Farnell 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(7):735-740

Low-cost physical activity monitors may provide a more accurate measure of physical activity than subjective methods (e.g., self-report) while being less costly than research-grade accelerometers. The present study assessed the validity of a low-cost monitor (Movband 2) to estimate physical activity behavior/intensity. Participants (N = 23, n = 16 female, BMI = 22.9 ± 4.0 kg/m², age = 21.9 ± 1.6 years) completed four, five-minute treadmill stages (2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 MPH) while wearing both the Movband and the previously-validated Actigraph monitor. Oxygen consumption (VO₂) was recorded during each stage (Laboratory assessment). A subset (n = 15, n = 10 female, BMI = 22.2 ± 3.2 kg/m², age = 21.5 ± 0.8 years) of these participants then wore the two accelerometers for three days (Free-living assessment). During the Laboratory assessment there were strong, significant (r = 0.94, p ≤ 0.001) relationships between Movband and Actigraph counts and VO₂. During Free-living assessment there was also a strong, significant (r = 0.97, p < 0.001) correlation between Movband and Actigraph counts. The low-cost, Movband accelerometer appears to provide a valid assessment of physical activity behavior/intensity.  相似文献   

CORRELATES OF PURE AND CO‐OCCURRING PROACTIVE AND REACTIVE AGGRESSORS IN HONG KONG     

Jacob Yuichung Chan  Annis L. Fung  Lawrence H. Gerstein 《Psychology in the schools》2013,50(2):181-192

Research on aggression in the West has focused mainly on the dichotomy between proactive and reactive aggression, but not the co‐occurring proactive–reactive aggression subtype, despite its prevalence. The authors investigated the differences in psychological and behavioral correlates among proactive, reactive, and proactive–reactive student aggressors and nonaggressors in Hong Kong, China, based on their scores on the Reactive and Proactive Aggression Questionnaire. Participants were 1,356 secondary school students (805 males and 551 females, aged 11 to 18 years). A one‐way multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted to examine group differences in aggression, attention deficits, anxiety/depression, and delinquency. Results showed that proactive–reactive aggressors were significantly more aggressive, less attentive, more anxious/depressed, and more engaged in delinquent behaviors. Reactive and proactive aggressors did not differ in three of these four behaviors. Implications for research and practice when working with proactive–reactive aggressors are discussed.  相似文献   

On Commodification and the Governance of Academic Research     

Merle Jacob 《Minerva》2009,47(4):391-405

The new prominence given to science for economic growth and industry comes with an increased policy focus on the promotion of commodification and commercialization of academic science. This paper posits that this increased interest in commodification is a new steering mechanism for governing science. This is achieved by first outlining what is meant by the commodification of scientific knowledge through reviewing a selection of literatures on the concept of commodification. The paper concludes with a discussion of how commodification functions as a means for governing science.  相似文献